THE PRESS AND PUBLIC OVERSIGHT IN THE FIRST QUARTER-CENTURY OF UZBEKISTAN’S INDEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT: EVOLUTION AND PRACTICE
- Authors
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Ollayorov Ulugʻbek Abdusattor oʻgʻli
Chief Specialist, Jizzakh Regional Pedagogical Skills Center
Author
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- Keywords:
- Press, public oversight, mass media, independence, censorship, openness of information, civil society, Constitution, informatization, digital press.
- Abstract
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This article examines, from a historical-analytical perspective, the formation of the press system and the evolution of the institutional foundations of public oversight during the first quarter-century of Uzbekistan’s period of independent development (1991–2016). The legal-historical content of the original “Law on Mass Media” adopted in 1991, the revisions of 1997 and 2007, as well as the 2014 “Law on the Openness of Activity of the Bodies of State Power and Administration” is subjected to detailed analysis. The article likewise discusses the divergence between de jure (legislation) and de facto (practice), the indicators produced by international organizations such as Reporters Without Borders and Freedom House, and the manner in which the legacy of this first quarter-century is being reinterpreted within the post-2017 reform stage.
- References
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1. Maccaye M. The Public Sphere and Political Communication: Theoretical Foundations. – New York: Routledge, 2021. – P. 78.
2. Freedom House. Uzbekistan: Nations in Transit 2024 Country Report. – Washington, DC: Freedom House, 2024. URL: https://freedomhouse.org/country/uzbekistan/nations-transit/2024
3. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 283-XII of 14 June 1991 “On Mass Media.” – Lex.uz: https://lex.uz/docs/-139006
4. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 542-I of 26 December 1997 and Law No. ORQ-78 of 15 January 2007 “On Mass Media” (new revision). – Lex.uz: https://lex.uz/docs/-1106870
5. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 402-I of 24 April 1997 “On the Protection of Journalistic Activity.”
6. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 560-II of 11 December 2003 “On Informatization.”
7. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. ORQ-369 of 5 May 2014 “On the Openness of Activity of the Bodies of State Power and Administration.”
8. Civil.uz. Freedom of Activity of Mass Media and Their Operation in Conformity with Law. – 2023. URL: https://civil.uz/ommaviy-axborot-vositalari-faoliyatining-erkinligi-va-qonunga-muvofiq-faoliyat-yuritishi/
9. Institute for War and Peace Reporting (IWPR). Uzbekistan: A Small Dose of Media Freedom. – 2023. URL: https://iwpr.net/global-voices/uzbekistan-small-dose-media-freedom
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- Published
- 2026-05-02
- Issue
- Vol. 2 No. 4 (2026)
- Section
- Articles
- License
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
