HYPOTHYROIDISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Authors
-
-
Zakirova Feruza Shuxratovna
Tashkent State Medical University
Author
-
- Keywords:
- Hypothyroidism, levothyroxine, cardiovascular system, subclinical hypothyroidism, heart failure, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, thyroid hormones
- Abstract
-
Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disease characterized by a deficiency of thyroid hormones and has a significant impact on all body systems, especially the cardiovascular system. This scientific and literary article extensively discusses the pathophysiological effects of hypothyroidism on the cardiovascular system, the clinical effectiveness of levothyroxine-based replacement therapy, modern diagnostic approaches, and individual treatment strategies. Changes in cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, lipid metabolism, and endothelial function in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism are analyzed. Also, modern scientific data on the effect of levothyroxine therapy on heart failure, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, and arrhythmias are presented.
- References
-
1.American Thyroid Association. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hypothyroidism in Adults. Thyroid. 2024;34(2):145–210.
2.Biondi B., Cappola A.R., Cooper D.S. Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Cardiovascular Disease. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2023;11(7):512–524.
3.Boelaert K., Visser W.E. Cardiovascular effects of thyroid hormone dysfunction. Eur J Endocrinol. 2024;190(3):R45–R61.
4.Chiovato L., Magri F. Advances in hypothyroidism management. Adv Ther. 2023;40(2):789–805.
5.Duntas L.H., Brenta G. Thyroid disorders and lipid metabolism. Med Clin North Am. 2024;108(1):91–105.
6.Gencer B. et al. Thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes. JAMA. 2023;330(8):721–732.
7.Ingoe L. Levothyroxine therapy and cardiovascular risk. Clin Endocrinol. 2024;101(4):433–445.
8.Jonklaas J. Evidence-Based Use of Levothyroxine Therapy. Thyroid. 2023;33(11):1265–1299.
9.Kahapola-Arachchige K.M. Cardiovascular manifestations of hypothyroidism. Heart Lung Circ. 2024;33(5):621–630.
10.Mullur R., Brent G.A. Thyroid hormone regulation of metabolism. Physiol Rev. 2023;103(2):355–402.
11.Razvi S. Thyroid hormones and cardiovascular function. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2024;21(1):32–50.
12.Rodondi N. Thyroid studies collaboration update. Circulation. 2023;148(6):455–467.
13.Taylor P.N. Global epidemiology of hypothyroidism. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024;12(1):15–28.
14.Vanderpump M.P.J. Epidemiology of thyroid dysfunction. Clin Med. 2023;23(4):301–307.
15.Ylli D. Advances in hypothyroidism management. Endocr Pract. 2024;30(6):589–603.
- Downloads
- Published
- 2026-05-23
- Issue
- Vol. 2 No. 5 (2026)
- Section
- Articles
- License
-
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
