ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HEART IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE RECEIVING MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS
Keywords:
chronic kidney disease; maintenance hemodialysis; echocardiography; cardiac remodeling; left ventricular hypertrophy; diastolic dysfunction; valvular calcification; pulmonary hypertension.Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular complications, particularly in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Long-standing arterial hypertension, chronic volume overload, anemia, and metabolic disturbances contribute to the development of cardiac remodeling. Echocardiography is the primary non-invasive method for assessing the structural and functional status of the heart in this patient population. The evaluation of echocardiographic characteristics enables early detection of adverse myocardial changes and optimization of patient management strategies.








