CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF LONG BONE FRACTURES OF THE LOWER LEG
- Authors
-
-
Toymurodov Bobomurodjon Shavkat ugli
Researcher
Author
-
- Keywords:
- Tibial fracture, fibular fracture, lower leg trauma, epidemiology, etiology, open fracture, road traffic accident, clinical characteristics.
- Abstract
-
Fractures of the long bones of the lower leg, mainly involving the tibia and fibula, represent one of the most clinically significant groups of traumatic skeletal injuries. The tibia is especially vulnerable because of its subcutaneous anatomical position, limited soft-tissue coverage, and direct exposure to external mechanical forces. Tibial shaft fractures are widely regarded as one of the most common long-bone fractures and are frequently associated with high-energy trauma, road traffic accidents, occupational injuries, sports-related trauma, falls, and direct blows. The clinical relevance of these fractures is determined not only by their frequency, but also by the high risk of open injury, soft-tissue damage, compartment syndrome, infection, delayed union, malunion, nonunion, and long-term functional disability. Epidemiological studies show that tibial shaft fractures occur more commonly in males, especially young and economically active individuals, although falls and low-energy mechanisms become increasingly important among older patients. The incidence of tibial shaft fractures has been reported at approximately 16,9 per 100,000 population per year in one population-based study, with higher rates among men than women.
- References
-
1.Larsen P., Elsoe R., Hansen S.H., Graven-Nielsen T., Laessoe U., Rasmussen S. Incidence and epidemiology of tibial shaft fractures // Injury. – 2015. – Vol. 46, № 4. – P. 746–750.
2.Kojima K.E., Ferreira R.V. Tibial shaft fractures // Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia. – 2011/2015. – Available through PubMed Central.
3.Clelland S.J., Chauhan P., Mandari F.N. The epidemiology and management of tibia and fibula fractures at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania // Pan African Medical Journal. – 2016.
4.Zhang J. et al. The epidemiology of lower limb fractures: a major United Kingdom study // 2024.
5.AO Surgery Reference. Tibial shaft fractures. AO Foundation.
6.Thompson J.H., Koutsogiannis P. Tibia Fractures Overview // StatPearls. – 2023.
7.Orthobullets. Tibial Shaft Fractures. Updated 2025.
8.Li C. et al. Global epidemiology, burden, and causes of lower extremity fractures, 1990–2021 // Frontiers in Public Health. – 2025.
9.Orthopaedic Trauma Association. Tibial Shaft Fractures. Educational material.
10.Noorlander-Borgdorff M.P. et al. Nationwide study on open tibial fractures in the Netherlands // Injury. – 2024.
- Downloads
- Published
- 2026-04-28
- Issue
- Vol. 2 No. 4 (2026)
- Section
- Articles
- License
-
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
